Ayini Amabhethri e-Lithium Ion

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion awuhlobo oludumile lwekhemikhali yebhethri. Inzuzo enkulu enikezwa yilawa mabhethri ukuthi ayashajwa. Ngenxa yalesi sici, atholakala kumadivayisi amaningi abasebenzisi namuhla asebenzisa ibhethri. Angatholakala emafonini, ezimotweni zikagesi, nasezinqoleni zegalofu ezisebenza ngebhethri.

Asebenza Kanjani Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion akhiwa iseli elilodwa noma amaningi e-lithium-ion. Futhi aqukethe ibhodi lesifunda elivikelayo ukuvimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile. Amaseli abizwa ngokuthi amabhethri uma efakwe kukesi elinebhodi lesekethe elivikelayo.

Ingabe Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion Ayafana Namabhethri e-Lithium?

Cha. Ibhethri le-lithium nebhethri le-lithium-ion kuhluke kakhulu. Umehluko omkhulu wukuthi lezi zakamuva ziyashajwa. Omunye umehluko omkhulu impilo yeshalofu. Ibhethri le-lithium lingahlala iminyaka eyi-12 lingasetshenziswa, kanti amabhethri e-lithium-ion aneshelufu lempilo efinyelela eminyakeni emi-3.

Yiziphi Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zamabhethri e-Lithium Ion

Amaseli e-lithium-ion anezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko. Lezi izi:

I-Anode

I-anode ivumela ugesi ukuthi usuke ebhethrini uye kumjikelezo wangaphandle. Iphinde igcine i-lithium ion uma ishaja ibhethri.

I-Cathode

I-cathode yiyona enquma amandla ne-voltage yeseli. Ikhiqiza i-lithium ions lapho ikhipha ibhethri.

I-Electrolyte

I-electrolyte iyimpahla, esebenza njengomsele we-lithium ion ukuhamba phakathi kwe-cathode ne-anode. Yakhiwe ngosawoti, izithasiselo, nezinyibilikisi ezihlukahlukene.

Isihlukanisi

Isiqephu sokugcina esitokisini se-lithium-ion siyisihlukanisi. Isebenza njengesithiyo somzimba ukugcina i-cathode ne-anode zihlukene.

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion asebenza ngokususa ama-ion e-lithium esuka ku-cathode aye ku-anode futhi okuphambene nalokho esebenzisa i-electrolyte. Njengoba ama-ion enyakaza, avula ama-electron amahhala ku-anode, enze inkokhiso kumqoqi wamanje. Lawa ma-electron ageleza ocingweni, ocingweni noma enqoleni yegalofu, aye kumqoqi ongemuhle bese ebuyela ku-cathode. Ukugeleza kwamahhala kwama-electron ngaphakathi kwebhethri kuvinjelwa isihlukanisi, kuphoqe ukuthi abheke koxhumana nabo.

Uma ushaja ibhethri ye-lithium-ion, i-cathode izokhipha ama-ion e-lithium, futhi aya ngase-anode. Lapho ikhipha, i-lithium ion isuka ku-anode iye ku-cathode, ekhiqiza ukugeleza kwamandla.

Asungulwa Nini Amabhethri e-Lithium-Ion?

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aqalwa okokuqala ngeminyaka yawo-70s ngusokhemisi oyiNgisi u-Stanley Whittingham. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakhe, ososayensi baphenya amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene ngebhethri elikwazi ukuzishaja. Isivivinyo sakhe sokuqala sasihilela i-titanium disulfide kanye ne-lithium njengama-electrode. Nokho, amabhethri ayezosebenza isikhashana futhi aqhume.

Ngama-80s, omunye usosayensi, uJohn B. Goodenough, wathatha inselele. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, u-Akira Yoshino, usokhemisi waseJapane, waqala ukucwaninga ngobuchwepheshe. U-Yoshino no-Goodenough bafakazele ukuthi i-lithium metal yayiyimbangela eyinhloko yokuqhuma.

Ngama-90s, ubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion baqala ukuthola amandla, ngokushesha baba umthombo wamandla odumile ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka. Kuphawule okokuqala ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buthengiswa ngabakwaSony. Lelo rekhodi elingalungile lokuphepha lamabhethri e-lithium labangela ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion.

Nakuba amabhethri e-lithium ekwazi ukubamba ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, awaphephile ngesikhathi sokushajwa nokukhipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri e-lithium-ion aphephe kakhulu ukushajwa futhi akhishwe lapho abasebenzisi bethobela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha eyisisekelo.

Iyiphi I-Lithium Ion Chemistry Engcono Kakhulu?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zekhemistri yebhethri ye-lithium-ion. Ezitholakalayo kwezohwebo yilezi:

I-Lithium Titanate
I-Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium oxide
I-Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt oxide
I-Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
I-Lithium Cobalt oxide
I-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamakhemikhali zamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ngayinye inobuhle bayo nobubi bayo. Nokho, ezinye zifaneleka kuphela ezimweni ezithile zokusetshenziswa. Kanjalo, uhlobo olukhethayo luzoncika ezidingweni zakho zamandla, isabelomali, ukubekezelela ukuphepha, kanye nesimo esithile sokusebenzisa.

Nokho, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 ayinketho etholakala kakhulu kwezohwebo. Lawa mabhethri aqukethe i-graphite carbon electrode, esebenza njenge-anode, ne-phosphate njenge-cathode. Banokuphila komjikelezo omude okufika kuma-10,000 imijikelezo.

Ukwengeza, banikeza ukuzinza okukhulu kwe-thermal futhi bangakwazi ukuphatha ngokuphephile ukukhuphuka okufushane okufunwayo. Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 akalelwe umkhawulo oshisayo ongafika ku-510 degrees Fahrenheit, ophakeme kunanoma iluphi uhlobo lwebhethri le-lithium-ion oluthengiswayo.

Izinzuzo LiFePO4 Amabhethri

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-lead acid namanye amabhethri asuselwa ku-lithium, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate anenzuzo enkulu. Zishaja futhi zikhiphe kahle, zihlala isikhathi eside, futhi zingajula i-cyclengaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla. Lezi zinzuzo zisho ukuthi amabhethri anikeza ukonga kwezindleko ezinkulu empilweni yawo wonke uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zebhethri. Ngezansi ukubheka izinzuzo ezithile zalawa mabhethri ezimotweni zamandla aphansi kanye nemishini yezimboni.

Ibhethri le-LiFePO4 Ezimotweni ezinesivinini esiphansi

Izimoto zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi (LEVs) yizimoto ezinamasondo amane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwamaphawundi angu-3000. Anikwa amandla amabhethri kagesi, okuwenza abe yinketho edumile ezinqoleni zegalofu nokunye ukusetshenziswa kokuzijabulisa.

Lapho ukhetha inketho yebhethri ye-LEV yakho, okunye okucatshangelwayo okubaluleke kakhulu ukuphila isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, izinqola zegalofu ezisebenza ngebhethri kufanele zibe namandla anele okushayela eduze kwenkundla yegalofu enezimbobo ezingu-18 ngaphandle kokushajwa kabusha.

Okunye okucatshangelwayo okubalulekile wuhlelo lwesondlo. Ibhethri elihle akufanele lidinge ukunakekelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukujabulela okukhulu komsebenzi wakho wokungcebeleka.

Ibhethri kufanele futhi likwazi ukusebenza ezimeni zezulu ezihlukene. Isibonelo, kufanele ikuvumele ukuthi ugibele igalofu kokubili ekushiseni kwehlobo nasekwindla lapho amazinga okushisa ehla.

Ibhethri elihle kufanele futhi lifike nesistimu yokulawula eqinisekisa ukuthi ayishisi ngokweqile noma ayigodoli kakhulu, ithunaze amandla ayo.

Enye yemikhiqizo ehamba phambili ehlangabezana nazo zonke lezi zimo eziyisisekelo kodwa ezibalulekile yi-ROYPOW. Ulayini wabo wamabhethri e-lithium we-LiFePO4 akalelwe izinga lokushisa elingu-4°F kuya ku-131°F. Amabhethri afika nesistimu yokulawula ibhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka.

Izicelo zezimboni zamabhethri e-Lithium Ion

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion ayinketho ethandwayo ezinhlelweni zezimboni. Amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kakhulu amabhethri e-LiFePO4. Ezinye zezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukusebenzisa lawa mabhethri yilezi:

Ama-forklift amagumbi amancane
Ama-forklift aphikisanayo
3 Wheel Forklifts
Izitaki ze-Walkie
Abagibeli bamaphethelo naphakathi

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani amabhethri e-lithium ion akhula ekudumeni kuzilungiselelo zezimboni. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

Ikhono Eliphezulu Nokuphila Kade

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anomthamo omkhulu wamandla nokuphila isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lead-acid. Bangakwazi ukukala ingxenye yesithathu yesisindo futhi balethe umphumela ofanayo.

Umjikelezo wabo wokuphila ungenye inzuzo enkulu. Ngomsebenzi wezimboni, umgomo uwukugcina izindleko zesikhathi esifushane eziphindaphindayo zibe zincane. Ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion, amabhethri e-forklift angahlala izikhathi ezintathu ubude, okuholela ekongeni kwezindleko ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Zingaphinda zisebenze ekujuleni okukhulu kokukhipha okungafika ku-80% ngaphandle komthelela kumthamo wazo. Lokho kunenye inzuzo ekongeni isikhathi. Ukusebenza akudingi ukuma phakathi ukuze kushintshwe amabhethri, okungaholela ezinkulungwaneni zamahora omuntu alondolozwe esikhathini esikhulu esanele.

Ukushaja Ngesivinini esikhulu

Ngamabhethri e-lead-acid embonini, isikhathi sokushaja esijwayelekile singamahora ayisishiyagalombili. Lokho kulingana nalo lonke ushintsho lwamahora angu-8 lapho ibhethri ingatholakali ukuthi isetshenziswe. Ngakho-ke, umphathi kufanele aphendule ngalesi sikhathi sokungasebenzi futhi athenge amabhethri engeziwe.

Ngamabhethri e-LiFePO4, lokho akuyona inselele. Isibonelo esihle yilesiROYPOW izimboni LifePO4 lithium amabhethri, ashaja ngokushesha okuphindwe kane kunamabhethri e-asidi yomthofu. Enye inzuzo yikhono lokuhlala lisebenza kahle ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Amabhethri e-lead acid ngokuvamile alahlekelwa ukusebenza kwawo njengoba ephuma.

Ulayini we-ROYPOW wamabhethri ezimboni nawo awunazo izinkinga zenkumbulo, ngenxa yesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri esebenza kahle. Amabhethri e-lead acid ngokuvamile abhekana nalolu daba, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni ukufinyelela umthamo ogcwele.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kubangela i-sulfation, enganciphisa ukuphila kwabo okufushane kakade ngesigamu. Inkinga ivame ukuvela lapho amabhethri e-lead acid egcinwa ngaphandle kokushajwa okuphelele. Amabhethri e-lithium angashajwa ngezikhathi ezimfushane futhi agcinwe kunoma imuphi umthamo ongaphezu kweqanda ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ukuphepha Nokuphatha

Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anenzuzo enkulu kuzilungiselelo zezimboni. Okokuqala, banokusimama okukhulu kokushisa. Lawa mabhethri angasebenza emazingeni okushisa afika ku-131°F ngaphandle kokulimala. Amabhethri e-lead acid angalahlekelwa kufika ku-80% womjikelezo wempilo yawo ngezinga lokushisa elifanayo.

Enye inkinga isisindo samabhethri. Ngomthamo webhethri ofanayo, amabhethri e-lead acid anesisindo esikhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, bavame ukudinga imishini ethile kanye nesikhathi eside sokufakwa, okungaholela ekunciphiseni kwamahora omuntu emsebenzini.

Olunye udaba ukuphepha kwabasebenzi. Ngokuvamile, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 aphephile kunamabhethri e-lead-acid. Ngokweziqondiso ze-OSHA, amabhethri e-lead acid kufanele agcinwe ekamelweni elikhethekile elinemishini eklanyelwe ukuqeda intuthu eyingozi. Lokho kwethula izindleko ezengeziwe nobunkimbinkimbi emsebenzini wezimboni.

Isiphetho

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anenzuzo ecacile kuzilungiselelo zezimboni nasezimotweni zikagesi ezinesivinini esiphansi. Zihlala isikhathi eside, ngenxa yalokho zonga imali yabasebenzisi. Lawa mabhethri nawo awagcini ngokulungiswa, okubaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezimboni lapho ukonga izindleko kubaluleke kakhulu.