Kukhona ukuqwashisa okukhulayo emhlabeni jikelele ngesidingo sokudlulela emithonjeni yamandla esimeme. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokusungula izinto ezintsha nokudala izixazululo zamandla ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezithuthukisa ukutholakala kwamandla avuselelekayo. Izixazululo ezidaliwe zizodlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza inzuzo emkhakheni.
Amagridi Ahlakaniphile
Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zezixazululo zamandla ezenziwe ngokwezifiso amagridi ahlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ukulawula izinto zikagesi ngokuxhumana okubili. Igridi ehlakaniphile idlulisela ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela, olwenza abasebenzisi nama-opharetha egridi baphendule ngokushesha kuzinguquko.
Amagridi ahlakaniphile aqinisekisa ukuthi igridi ixhunywe kusofthiwe yokuphatha amandla, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko ezihambisanayo. Ngokuvamile, amanani kagesi akhuphuka ngokunyuka kwesidingo. Abathengi bangafinyelela ulwazi mayelana nezintengo zamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-opharetha egridi angakwazi ukuphatha umthwalo osebenza ngempumelelo ngenkathi enza ukuphehlwa kwamandla okusabalalisa amandla kube nokwenzeka.
I-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kanye ne-Data Analytics
Amadivayisi e-IoT aqoqa inani elikhulu ledatha evela ezinhlelweni zamandla ahlukaniswe njengamaphaneli elanga. Ngokusebenzisa izibalo zedatha, ulwazi lungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kwamandla ngalawa masistimu. I-IoT ithembele kuzinzwa namathuluzi okuxhumana ukuze ithumele idatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuze kwenziwe izinqumo ezifanele.
I-IoT ibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni imithombo yamandla yasendaweni njengelanga nomoya kugridi. Ukwengeza, kungasiza ukushintsha abakhiqizi nabathengi abaningi abancane babe ingxenye ebalulekile yamagridi wamandla. Ukuqoqwa kwedatha okukhulu, okuhlanganiswe nama-algorithms asebenzayo okuhlaziya idatha yesikhathi sangempela, dala amaphethini wamadivayisi ahlukene ngezilinganiso zezikhathi ezihlukene ukuze kudalwe ukusebenza kahle.
I-Artificial Intelligence (AI) kanye Nokufunda Ngomshini (ML)
I-AI ne-ML ngokungangabazeki izoba nomthelela woguquko esikhaleni samandla avuselelekayo esiqhakazayo. Angaba amathuluzi abalulekile ekuphathweni kwegridi ngokunikeza izibikezelo ezingcono zokuphathwa komthwalo. Ukwengeza, bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuphathwa okungcono kwegridi ngokulungiswa okuhlelwe kangcono kwezingxenye zegridi.
Ngokukhuphuka kokutholwa kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nokufakwa kukagesi kwezinhlelo zokushisa, ubunzima begridi buzokhula. Ukuthembela ezinhlelweni zamagridi amaphakathi ukuze kukhiqizwe futhi kusabalaliswe amandla nakho kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle njengoba eminye imithombo yamandla ikhula ngokusetshenziswa. Njengoba izigidi zabantu ezengeziwe zisebenzisa lezi zinhlelo zamandla amasha, zingabeka ingcindezi enkulu kugridi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ML ne-AI ukuphatha imithombo yamandla ehlukanisiwe kungaqinisekisa amagridi wamandla azinzile, namandla atholakala ngokunembile lapho edingeka khona. Ngamafuphi, i-AI ne-ML zingasebenza njengomqhubi we-orchestra ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into isebenza ngokuvumelana ngaso sonke isikhathi.
I-AI ne-ML kuzoba ngesinye sezixazululo zamandla ezenzelwe wena ezibaluleke kakhulu zesikhathi esizayo. Zizovumela ukuthi kushintshwe imodeli yefa ethembele kwingqalasizinda iye kumagridi aqinile futhi aguquguqukayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bazoqinisekisa ukuphathwa okungcono kobumfihlo bomthengi kanye nedatha. Njengoba amagridi eba namandla ngokwengeziwe, abenzi benqubomgomo bazogxila kalula ekukhuliseni ukukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Ukubamba iqhaza komkhakha ozimele
Enye ingxenye ebalulekile yezixazululo zamandla ezenzelwe wena umkhakha ozimele. Abalingisi embonini ezimele bagqugquzelekile ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuncintisana. Umphumela uba izinzuzo ezengeziwe zawo wonke umuntu. Isibonelo esihle salokhu imboni ye-PC kanye ne-smartphone. Ngenxa yokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, iminyaka embalwa edlule ibone ukuqanjwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe bokushaja, umthamo wokugcina, namandla ahlukahlukene wama-smartphone. Ama-smartphones esimanje angama-oda wamandla amakhulu futhi awusizo kakhulu kunanoma yimaphi amakhompyutha akhiqizwa ngeminyaka yama-80s.
Imboni ezimele izoqhuba izixazululo zezamandla esikhathini esizayo. Umkhakha ugqugquzelwa ukuthi unikeze ngokusungula okuhle kakhulu njengoba kunesikhuthazo sokusinda. Amafemu azimele angamajaji angcono kakhulu wokuthi yiziphi izixazululo ezixazulula izinkinga ezikhona.
Nokho, umkhakha kahulumeni nawo unendima ebalulekile okufanele uyidlale. Ngokungafani nomkhakha kahulumeni, izinkampani ezizimele azinaso isisusa sokukhulisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha. Ngokusebenzisana nabalingisi abazimele, umkhakha kahulumeni ungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amasu amasha emkhakheni wezamandla ayalinganiswa.
Manje njengoba sesiqonda izingxenye ezisiza izixazululo zamandla enziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, nakhu ukubhekisisa izixazululo ezithile ezisiza ukukwenza kube ngokoqobo.
Mobile Energy Storage Solutions
Isitoreji samandla eselula singesinye sezixazululo zakamuva ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zemakethe. Iqeda amafutha avela ezimotweni zezentengiselwano ukuze kusetshenziswe izinhlelo zebhethri ze-LiFePO4. Lezi zinhlelo zinamaphaneli elanga angazikhethela ukuqoqa amandla ngenkathi zisendleleni.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zalezi zinhlelo ukuqedwa komsindo nokungcola. Ukwengeza, lezi zinhlelo ziholela ezindlekweni eziphansi. Ezimotweni ezithengiswayo, amandla amaningi ayamoshwa esimweni sokungenzi lutho. Isixazululo sesitoreji samandla eselula singaphatha kangcono amandla esimweni sokungenzi lutho. Iphinde iqede nezinye izindleko, njengokulungiswa kwenjini okumba eqolo, okuhlanganisa izinguquko zikawoyela nesihlungi.
I-Motive Power System Solutions
Iningi lomkhakha wezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni uxhaswe ngamabhethri e-lead acid, aphuza ukushajwa, futhi adinga amabhethri ayisipele. Lawa mabhethri nawo anokugcinwa okuphezulu futhi anengozi enkulu yokugqwala kwe-asidi kanye nokushaywa umoya. Ukwengeza, amabhethri e-lead-acid aletha inselele enkulu yemvelo endleleni alahlwa ngayo.
Amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) angasiza ekuqedeni lezi zinselele. Zinesitoreji esikhulu, ziphephe kakhudlwana, futhi zinesisindo esincane. Ukwengeza, banesikhathi eside sokuphila, okungaholela emalini engenayo ethuthukisiwe yabanikazi babo.
Izixazululo Zokuhlala Amandla Esitoreji
Indawo yokugcina amandla ingesinye isixazululo esibalulekile samandla enziwe ngokwezifiso. Amabhange ebhethri avumela abathengi ukuthi bagcine amandla akhiqizwe amasistimu sonozungezilanga futhi bawasebenzise ngesikhathi samahora angasebenzi. Ukwengeza, angasetshenziswa ukugcina amandla asuka kugridi phakathi namahora angasebenzi kakhulu ukuze asetshenziswe phakathi namahora aphakeme kakhulu.
Ngesofthiwe yokuphatha amandla yesimanje, isitoreji samandla sasekhaya singanciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwekhaya. Enye inzuzo enkulu ukuthi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ikhaya lakho lihlala livuliwe. Isistimu yeGridi ngezinye izikhathi iyehla, ishiye amakhaya engenawo amandla amahora. Ngesixazululo sesitoreji sasekhaya samandla, ungahlala uqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zakho zikagesi zisebenza ngamandla. Isibonelo, izoqinisekisa ukuthi i-HVAC yakho ihlala isebenza ukuze ikunikeze umuzwa onethezekile.
Ngokuvamile, izixazululo zamandla asekhaya zisiza ukwenza amandla aluhlaza abe nokwenzeka. Kwenza kube inketho eheha kakhudlwana kubantu abaningi, abangajabulela izinzuzo ngaso sonke isikhathi sosuku—ngokwesibonelo, abaphikisi bamandla elanga baveza ukuthi kuyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngezisombululo zamandla asekhaya asheshayo, noma yiliphi ikhaya lingajabulela izinzuzo zamandla elanga. Ngamabhethri e-LiFePO4, inani elikhulu lamandla lingagcinwa endaweni elinganiselwe ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi ingozi ekhaya. Ngenxa yempilo ende yalawa mabhethri, ungalindela ukubuyisela ngokugcwele utshalomali lwakho. Ehlanganiswe nesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri, lawa mabhethri angalindelwa ukuthi agcine umthamo omkhulu wesitoreji kuyo yonke impilo yawo.
Isifinyezo
Ikusasa legridi yamandla lizoncika kuzixazululo eziningi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kuqinisekiswe igridi eqinile nesebenza kahle. Nakuba singekho isisombululo esisodwa, zonke lezi zingasebenza ngokuvumelana ukuze kuqinisekiswe isipiliyoni esihle kuwo wonke umuntu. Ohulumeni abaningi bayakubona lokhu, yingakho benikeza izikhuthazo eziningi. Lezi zinzuzo zingathatha uhlobo lwezibonelelo noma ikhefu lentela.
Uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zokufinyelela okuthuthukisiwe kumandla, ungase ufanelekele enye yalezi zikhuthazo. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ukukhuluma nesifaki esiqeqeshiwe. Bazohlinzeka ngolwazi, okuhlanganisa nokuthuthukiswa ongakwenza ekhaya ukuze ulenze lisebenze kahle. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungase kuhlanganise ukuthenga izinto zikagesi ezintsha, okuholela ekongeni okukhulu kwamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
