Zithini iibhetri ze-lithium ze-ion

Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yohlobo oludumileyo lwe-chemistry. Inzuzo enkulu yokuba ezi Buteries zinikezelwe kukuba ziyakwazi kwakhona. Ngenxa yeli nqaku, zifumaneka kwizixhobo ezininzi zabathengi namhlanje ezisebenzisa ibhetri. Banokufumaneka kwiifowuni, izithuthi zombane, kunye neenqwelomoya zebhetri.

Isebenza njani i-lithium-ion?

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zenziwe kwi-leitium enye okanye ezininzi ze-ion-ion. Zikwanayo ibhodi yesekethe ekhuselayo ukuthintela ukubamba ngaphezulu. Iiseli zibizwa ngokuba ziibhetri zikhe zifakwe kwi-chest ngebhodi yesekethe yokhuselo.

Ngaba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngokufanayo neebhetri ze-lithium?

Hayi. Ibhetri ye-lithium kunye nebhetri ye-lithium-ion yahlukile. Umahluko omkhulu kukuba le yokugqibela iphinde iphinde isebenze. Olunye umahluko omkhulu lubomi beshelup. Ibhetri ye-Lithium inokuhlala ukuya kwi-12 iminyaka engasetyenziswanga, ngelixa ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inobomi beshelup ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-3.

Zeziphi izinto eziphambili zeebhetri ze-lithium ze-ion

Iiseli ze-lithium-ion zinezinto ezine eziphambili. Zezi:

Anode

I-Anode ivumela umbane ukuba ushenxise ibhetri kwisekethe yangaphandle. Ikwagcina i-lithium ion xa ibiza ibhetri.

I-cathode

I-Cathode yeyona nto ibeka amandla eseli kunye ne-voltage. Ivelisa i-lithium ion xa ikhupha ibhetri.

Electrolyte

I-electrolyte yinto esebenzayo, esebenza njengendawo ye-lithium i-ions ukuba ihambe phakathi kwe-canode kunye ne-anode. Iqulathe iityuwa, izongezo, kunye nezicoci ezahlukeneyo.

Umahluli

Iqhekeza lokugqibela kwiseli ye-lithium-ion yindawo yokwahlula. Isebenza njengesithintelo somzimba ukugcina i-canode kwaye ithanjiswe ngaphandle.

Ibhetri yeLithium-ion isebenza ngokutsala i-lithium ye-ion kwi-canode kwi-anode kunye ne-vice versid nge-electrolyte. Njengoko ii-Ions zihamba, zivula i-elektroni zasimahla kwi-Anode, zenza intlawulo kumqokeleli ofanelekileyo. Ezi zetroli zihamba kwisixhobo, ifowuni okanye inqwelo yegalufa, kumqokeleli ongeyonyani kwaye ubuye kwi-Mathode. Ukuhamba kwamashishini okukhulu kwee-elektroni ngaphakathi kwebhetri kuthintelwe yibhetri, ukunyanzela ukuba banxibelelane.

Xa ubiza ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, i-cathoded iyakukhulula i-lithim i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-i-ion, kwaye ziya kwi-anode. Xa ukroliwe, i-lithium i-ions isuka kwi-atode kwi-cathode, evelisa ukuhamba kwangoku.

Zaphunyulwa nini i-lithium-ion?

Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yafunyanwa kuqala kwi-70s nge-chimist yesiNgesi uStanley Whittateham. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwayo, izazinzulu zaphanda kakhulu kwimichiza eyahlukeneyo yebhetri enokuphinda ikhulise. Ityala lakhe lokuqala libandakanyeke kwi-Titanium kunye neLithium njenge-electrode. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ziya kuthi ziphakeze kwaye ziqhume.

Kwiminyaka yee-80s, enye inzululwazi, uYohane B. Gooeenough, wawuthatha umngeni. Kungekudala emva koko, uAkira Yoshino, umchiza waseJapan, waqala uphando kwitekhnoloji. I-Yoshino kunye ne-Geeeenough ingqina ukuba i-lithium yentsimbi yayibangela ukuba imeko iphambili.

Kwi-90s, itekhnoloji ye-lithium-ior yaqala ukufumana ingqungquthela, ngokukhawuleza iba ngumthombo wamandla odumileyo ngokuphela kweshumi leminyaka. Iphawula okokuqala ukuba itekhnoloji ithengiswa nguSony. Ingxelo engekho mthethweni yeLithium Bhateri iqhubela phambili kuphuhliso lweebhetri ze-liium-ion.

Ngelixa iibhetri zeLithium zinokubamba uxinano lwamandla aphezulu, azikhuselekanga ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha. Kwelinye icala, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zikhuselekile ukuba zihlawule kwaye zikhuphe xa abasebenzisi banamathela kwizikhokelo ezisisiseko zokhuseleko.

Yeyiphi eyona nto ilungileyo ye-LITIAM IION?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-lithium-ion-ion yebhetri. Abarhwebi bakhoyo:

I-Lithium Titanate
I-Lithium iNckel Cobanum Aluminum Oxide
I-Lithium ye-NITKEL Manganese Cobanet Oxide
I-Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO)
I-Lithium cobalt oxide
I-Lithium i-phosphate (i-worpo4)

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-chemistries ye-lithium-ion. Umntu ngamnye unyusa inyukayo kunye ne-Depes. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zilungele kuphela amatyala athile asetyenziswayo. Ngenxa yoko, uhlobo olikhetha luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho zamandla, uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali, unyamezelo lwezokhuseleko, kunye netyala elithile lokusebenzisa.

Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-Wildpo4 zezona ndlela zikhoyo kwezorhwebo. Ezi bheli ziqulethe i-cografite wekhabhoni ye-elektroni, ekhonza njenge-anode, kunye ne-phosphate njenge-cathode. Banomjikelo omde ubomi obungaphezulu kwe-10,000 yemijikelezo.

Ukongeza, banikezela ngokuzinza kobushushu kwaye banokuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo ukuhlangula okufutshane. Iibhetri ze-Wicpo4 ze-Wildpo4 zityalwe ukuba i-runsed ye-runsed ye-thermal ukuya kuthi ga kwi-510 degrees fahredes, elona nqanaba liphezulu le-lithium-ion yebhetri ye-lithium-ion.

Izibonelelo zeebhetri ze-whilpo4

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Acid ekhokelayo kunye nezinye iibhetri ze-lithium, i-lithium ye-lithium yentsimbi phosphatele inenzuzo enkulu. Bayabiza kwaye bakhuthaze ngokufanelekileyo, hlala ixesha elide, kwaye banokungaphantsi kwe-cycwakaNgaphandle kokuphulukana nomthamo. Ezi nzuzo zithetha ukuba iibhetri zibonelela ngemali enkulu yeendleko ngaphezulu kokuphila kwabo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zebhetri. Apha ngezantsi kujonga izibonelelo ezithile zezi zibhengezo ezikwizithuthi zamandla eziphantsi kunye nezixhobo zemveliso.

Ibhetri yobomi

Izithuthi zombane eziphantsi (i-REERs) zizithuthi ezinamavili ezine ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-3000 yeepawundi. Baxhotyiswe ziibhetri zombane, ezibenza babe kukhetho oluthandwayo kwiinqwelo zegalufa kunye nezinye iindlela zokuzonwabisa.

Xa ukhetha ukhetho lwebhetri yakho, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo buqwalaselo lubomi obude. Umzekelo, iikebhu zegalufa zebhetri kufuneka zibe namandla awaneleyo ukuqhuba malunga ne-18-hole yegalufa ngaphandle kokuphinda usebenze.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yishedyuli yesondlo. Ibhetri entle kufuneka ifune isondlo sokuqinisekisa ukonwaba okuphezulu komsebenzi wakho wokuzonwabisa.

Ibhetri kufuneka ikwazi ukusebenza kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kufuneka ikuvumele igalufa kubushushu behlobo kunye nokuwa xa amaqondo obushushu ahla.

Ibhetri entle kufuneka ize nenkqubo yolawulo eqinisekisa ukuba ayigqithi kakhulu okanye ayichithe kakhulu, ihlukumeza isikhundla sayo.

Enye yezona mpawu zibalaseleyo ezihlangabezana nazo zonke ezi meko zisisiseko kodwa ezibalulekileyo yiRoypow. Intambo yabo ye-Lithium ye-Lifepo4 I-LITOIRS ihlawulwe amaqondo obushushu e-4 ° F ukuya kwi-131 ° F. Iibhetri ziza nenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri eyakhiwe yibhetri kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka.

Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso yeebhetri ze-lithium ion

Ibhetri yeLithium-ion yindlela ethandwayo kwizicelo zemveliso. Eyona chemistry eqhelekileyo isetyenzisiwe yibhetri ye-whildpo4. Ezinye zezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokusebenzisa ezi bheet zezi:

Iifolda ezinqamlekileyo
Iifolda ezinqabileyo
I-3 ye-offices
Umlinganiso we-Walcocie
Ukuphela kunye nabakhweli beziko

Zininzi izizathu zokuba iibhetri ze-lithium zeon ziyakhula ngokuthandwayo kwimizi-mveliso. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

Inqanaba eliphezulu kunye noLongen

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion banoxinano lwamandla amakhulu kunye nobomi obubomi bathelekiswa neebhetri ze-Acid. Banokulinganisa isithathu sobunzima kwaye bazise iziphumo ezifanayo.

Umjikelo wabo wobomi lolunye luncedo olukhulu. Umsebenzi wemizi-mveliso, usukelo kukugcina iindleko zethutyana eziphindaphindiweyo zibe ubuncinci. Ngeebhetri yeLithium-ion, ibhetri ye-forklift ingahlala kathathu ixesha elide, ekhokelela kwimali enkulu yokugcina iindleko ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Banokuqhuba kwakhona kubunzulu obukhulu bokukhupha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% ngaphandle kwefuthe kumthamo wabo. Elo ngololunye unesifo sokugcina ixesha. Imisebenzi ayidingi ukuba iyeke i-midyay ukuze itshintshe iibhetri, ezinokukhokelela kumawaka eeyure ezininzi zigcinwe ngaphezulu kwexesha elaneleyo.

Ukutshaja okukhulu

Ngeembothalo zemveliso ezikhukweni, ixesha lokutshaja eliqhelekileyo lijikeleze iiyure ezisibhozo. Ilingana ne-swift yeeyure ezisibhozo apho ibhetri ayifumaneki ukuze isetyenziswe. Ngenxa yoko, umphathi kufuneka enze ingxelo ngeli xesha lokuphumla kwaye uthenge iibhetri ezongeziweyo.

Iibhetri ze-willpo4, ayisiyongxaki. Umzekelo olungileyo yileI-Roypow Supedpolid Shistpo4 Lithium Barts, obiza kaninzi ngokukhawuleza kunebhetri ye-acid acid. Elinye ingenelo kukukwazi ukuhlala ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhupha. Ukukhokela iibhetri ze-acid zihlala zibangela i-lag ngentsebenzo njengoko zikhutshwa.

Umgca we-roypow weebhetri zeRoypow nayo ayinayo imiba yenkumbulo, ngenxa yenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri efanelekileyo. Ukukhokelela kwiibhetri ze-acid zihlala zibandezeleka kule ngxaki, ezinokukhokelela ekungaphumlweni ukufikelela kubuninzi.

Ngexesha, kubangela ukuba i-sulffition, enokusika i-wospan emfutshane esele inesiqingatha. Lo mbandela uhlala usenzeka xa iibhetri ze-acid zigcinwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo epheleleyo. Iibhetri zeLithuum zinokuhlawuliswa ngamaxesha amafutshane kwaye zigcinwe nangaliphi na ixesha elingaphezulu kwe-zero ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuphatha

Iibhetri ze-Wildpo4 zinenzuzo enkulu kwizicwangciso zomsebenzi. Okokuqala, banozinzo olukhulu lwe-thermal. Ezi bheries zingasebenza kumaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-131 ° F ngaphandle kokubandezeleka nawuphi na umonakalo. Ukukhokela iibhetri ze-acid ziya kuphulukana ne-80% yobomi babo bobomi kubushushu obufanayo.

Omnye umba wobunzima beebhetri. Ngomkhono webhetri olufanayo, iibhetri ze-acid zinoburhalarhume kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, bahlala bafuna izixhobo ezithile kunye nexesha lokufakelwa ixesha elide, elinokukhokelela kwiiyure ezimbalwa ezichithwe emsebenzini.

Omnye umba unguMsebenzi wokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Ngokubanzi, iibhetri ze-Wildpo4 zikhuselekile kunebhetri ye-Acid. Ngokwezikhokelo ze-Osha, iibhetri ze-acid kufuneka zigcinwe kwigumbi elikhethekileyo ngezixhobo ezenzelwe ukuphelisa impumyi eyingozi. Oko kwazisa ngendleko ezongeziweyo kunye nobunzima bokuhamba kwezamashishini.

Ukuqukumbela

Ibhetri yeLithium-ion inesithuba esicacileyo kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso kunye nezithuthi zombane eziphantsi. Bahlala ixesha elide, ngenxa yoko bandisa imali yabasebenzisi. Ezi bheries zikwalondolozo lwe-zero, ebaluleke ngokukodwa kwisimo semveliso apho ukuthunga kwexabiso khona.