Ziziphi iibhetri zeLithium Ion

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion luhlobo oludumileyo lwekhemistri yebhetri. Inzuzo enkulu enikezelwa zezi bhetri kukuba ziyatshajwa kwakhona. Ngenxa yolu phawu, zifumaneka kwizixhobo ezininzi zabathengi namhlanje ezisebenzisa ibhetri. Zinokufumaneka kwiifowuni, izithuthi zombane, kunye neenqwelo zegalufa ezihamba ngebhetri.

Zisebenza njani iibhetri zeLithium-Ion?

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zenziwe ngeseli enye okanye ezininzi ze-lithium-ion. Zikwaqulethe ibhodi yesekethe ekhuselayo ukukhusela ukugqithiswa. Iiseli zibizwa ngokuba ziibhetri xa sele zifakwe kwi-casing enebhodi yesekethe ekhuselayo.

Ngaba iibhetri zeLithium-Ion ziyafana neebhetri zeLithium?

Hayi. Ibhetri ye-lithium kunye nebhetri ye-lithium-ion ihluke kakhulu. Umahluko omkhulu kukuba ezi zamva ziyatshajwa kwakhona. Omnye umahluko omkhulu bubomi beshelufu. Ibhetri ye-lithium inokuhlala iminyaka eyi-12 ingasetyenziswanga, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinobomi beshelufu ukuya kwi-3 iminyaka.

Ngawaphi aMalungu aPhambili kwiibhetri zeLithium Ion

Iiseli ze-lithium-ion zinezixhobo ezine eziphambili. Zezi:

Anode

I-anode ivumela umbane ukuba uhambe ukusuka kwibhetri ukuya kwisekethe yangaphandle. Ikwagcina i-lithium ion xa utshaja ibhetri.

Cathode

I-cathode yinto emisela umthamo weseli kunye nombane. Ivelisa i-lithium ion xa ikhupha ibhetri.

Electrolyte

I-electrolyte yimpahla, esebenza njenge-conduit ye-lithium ion ukuhamba phakathi kwe-cathode kunye ne-anode. Ibunjwe ngeetyuwa, izongezelelo, nezinye izinyibilikisi ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Umahluli

Isiqwenga sokugqibela kwiseli ye-lithium-ion ngumhluli. Isebenza njengesithintelo somzimba ukugcina i-cathode kunye ne-anode ngaphandle.

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zisebenza ngokuhambisa i-lithium ion ukusuka kwi-cathode ukuya kwi-anode kunye ne-vice versa nge-electrolyte. Njengoko ii-ion zihamba, zisebenzisa ii-electron zamahhala kwi-anode, zenza intlawulo kumqokeleli wangoku ofanelekileyo. Ezi electron zihamba ngesixhobo, ifowuni okanye inqwelo yegalufa, ukuya kumqokeleli ongalunganga kwaye ubuyele kwi-cathode. Ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwee-electron ngaphakathi kwebhetri kuthintelwe ngumhluli, kubanyanzelela kubafowunelwa.

Xa uhlawula ibhetri ye-lithium-ion, i-cathode iya kukhulula i-lithium ion, kwaye ihambela kwi-anode. Xa ikhupha, i-lithium ion isuka kwi-anode ukuya kwi-cathode, eyenza ukuhamba kwangoku.

Zenziwa nini iibhetri zeLithium-Ion?

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zaqala ukukhawulwa kwi-70s ngusokhemisti weNgesi uStanley Whittingham. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwakhe, izazinzulu zaphanda iikhemistri ezahlukeneyo ngebhetri enokuzihlaziya. Ulingo lwakhe lokuqala lwalubandakanya i-titanium disulfide kunye ne-lithium njenge-electrodes. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ziya kuhamba ngokufutshane kwaye ziqhume.

Kwiminyaka ye-80, esinye isazinzulu, uJohn B. Goodenough, wathatha umngeni. Kungekudala emva koko, uAkira Yoshino, usokhemesti waseJapan, waqalisa uphando kwiteknoloji. UYoshino noGoodenough babonise ukuba isinyithi se-lithium sasisona sizathu sokuqhuma.

Kwiminyaka ye-90, iteknoloji ye-lithium-ion yaqala ukufumana i-traction, ngokukhawuleza yaba ngumthombo wamandla odumileyo ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi. Iphawule okokuqala ukuba itekhnoloji yathengiswa nguSony. Loo rekhodi yokhuseleko olubi lwebhetri ye-lithium yabangela ukuphuhliswa kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

Ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium zinokubamba ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu, azikhuselekanga ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa. Kwelinye icala, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zikhuselekile ukuba zihlawuliswe kwaye zikhutshwe xa abasebenzisi bethobela izikhokelo ezisisiseko zokhuseleko.

Yeyiphi eyona Khemistri yeLithium Ion?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeekhemistri zebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Ezifumanekayo kurhwebo zezi:

ILithium Titanate
ILithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminium oxide
ILithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt oxide
ILithium Manganese oxide (LMO)
I-Lithium Cobalt oxide
ILithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeekhemistri zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Nganye inamahla-ndinyuka ayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zifanelekile kuphela kwiimeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa. Ngaloo ndlela, uhlobo olukhethileyo luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho zamandla, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ukunyamezela ukhuseleko, kunye nemeko yokusetyenziswa ethile.

Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zezona zifumanekayo kwezorhwebo. Ezi bhetri ziqulethe i-graphite carbon electrode, esebenza njenge-anode, kunye ne-phosphate njenge-cathode. Banobomi bomjikelo omde ukuya kuthi ga kwimijikelo ye-10,000.

Ukongeza, banikezela uzinzo olukhulu lwe-thermal kwaye banokuphatha ngokukhuselekileyo ukunyuka okufutshane kwimfuno. Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zilinganiswe kwi-threshold yokubaleka kwe-thermal ukuya kuthi ga kwi-510 degrees Fahrenheit, elona liphezulu kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwebhetri ye-lithium-ion ekhoyo ngokurhweba.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiibhetri zeLiFePO4

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-asidi ekhokelayo kunye nezinye iibhetri ezisekelwe kwi-lithium, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zinenzuzo enkulu. Bahlawulisa kwaye bakhuphe ngokufanelekileyo, bahlala ixesha elide, kwaye banokunzulu i-cyclengaphandle kokulahlekelwa umthamo. Ezi zibonelelo zithetha ukuba iibhetri zibonelela ngeendleko ezinkulu zogcino kubomi babo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zebhetri. Apha ngezantsi kujongwe kwiingenelo ezithile zezi bhetri kwizithuthi zamandla asezantsi ngesantya kunye nezixhobo zoshishino.

Ibhetri yeLiFePO4 kwiZithuthi ezinesantya esiphantsi

Izithuthi zombane ezinesantya esiphantsi (LEVs) zizithuthi ezinamavili amane ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-3000 pounds. Zixhotyiswa ngeebhetri zombane, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwiinqwelo zegalufa kunye nolunye usetyenziso lokuzonwabisa.

Xa ukhetha ukhetho lwebhetri kwi-LEV yakho, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo eziqwalaselwa kubomi obude. Umzekelo, iinqwelo zegalufa ezisebenza ngebhetri kufuneka zibe namandla awoneleyo okuqhuba zijikeleze ibala legalufa elinemingxuma eli-18 ngaphandle kokuphinda litshaje.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe yishedyuli yolondolozo. Ibhetri elungileyo kufuneka kungabikho londolozo ukuqinisekisa ukonwatyiswa okukhulu kumsebenzi wakho wokuzonwabisa.

Ibhetri kufuneka ikwazi ukusebenza kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kufuneka ikuvumele ukuba udlale igalufa ehlotyeni nasekwindla xa amaqondo obushushu ehla.

Ibhetri elungileyo kufuneka kwakhona ize kunye nenkqubo yokulawula eqinisekisa ukuba ayitshisi kakhulu okanye ibanda kakhulu, ithoba umthamo wayo.

Enye yezona mpawu zibalaseleyo ezihlangabezana nazo zonke ezi meko zisisiseko kodwa ezibalulekileyo yiROYPOW. Umgca wabo weLiFePO4 iibhetri ze-lithium zilinganiswe kubushushu be-4 ° F ukuya kwi-131 ° F. Iibhetri ziza nenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwaye kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka.

Izicelo zoShishino lweebhetri zeLithium Ion

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ziyindlela ethandwayo kwizicelo zoshishino. I-chemistry eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo yi-LiFePO4 iibhetri. Ezinye zezona zixhobo zixhaphakileyo ukusebenzisa ezi bhetri zezi:

Indlela emxinwa yeeforklifts
Iiforklift ezichaseneyo
3 Ivili leForklift
I-Walkie stackers
Abakhweli bokuphela naphakathi

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni iibhetri ze-lithium ion zikhula ekuthandeni kwiindawo zoshishino. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

Isakhono esiphezulu kunye nobomi obude

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinoxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla kunye nobomi obude xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-asidi. Banokulinganisa isahlulo sesithathu sobunzima kwaye bahambise imveliso efanayo.

Umjikelo wabo wobomi yenye inzuzo enkulu. Ngomsebenzi woshishino, injongo kukugcina iindleko eziphindaphindiweyo zexesha elifutshane zibe zincinci. Ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion, iibhetri ze-forklift zingahlala amaxesha amathathu ubude, okukhokelela ekugcinweni kweendleko ezinkulu kwixesha elide.

Basenokusebenza kubunzulu obukhulu bokukhutshwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% ngaphandle kwempembelelo kumthamo wabo. Oko kunenye ingenelo ekongeni ixesha. Imisebenzi ayifuni kumisa phakathi ukuze kutshintshe iibhetri, nto leyo enokukhokelela kumawaka eeyure zabantu ezigcinwe ngexesha elikhulu ngokwaneleyo.

Ukutshaja ngesantya esiphezulu

Ngeebhetri ze-lead-asidi kwimizi-mveliso, ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokutshaja limalunga neeyure ezisibhozo. Loo nto ilingana neshifti yeeyure ezisi-8 apho ibhetri ingafumanekiyo ukuba ingasetyenziswa. Ngenxa yoko, umphathi kufuneka aphendule ngeli xesha lokuphumla kwaye athenge iibhetri ezongezelelweyo.

Ngeebhetri zeLiFePO4, ayingomceli mngeni lowo. Umzekelo omhle nguI-ROYPOW yemveliso ye-LifePO4 iibhetri ze-lithium, ehlawulisa ngokuphindwe kane ngokukhawuleza kuneebhetri zeasidi yelothe. Enye inzuzo kukukwazi ukuhlala usebenza ngexesha lokukhutshwa. Iibhetri ze-lead ze-asidi zihlala ziphazamiseka ekusebenzeni njengoko zikhupha.

Umgca we-ROYPOW weebhetri zamashishini nawo awunayo imiba yememori, ngenxa yenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri esebenzayo. Iibhetri ze-lead ze-asidi zihlala zibandezeleka kulo mba, onokuthi ukhokelele ekungaphumeleli kokufikelela kumthamo opheleleyo.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kubangela i-sulfation, enokuthi inqumle ubomi babo obufutshane obusele bufutshane kwisiqingatha. Umba kaninzi uyenzeka xa iibhetri ze-asidi yelothe zigcinwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo epheleleyo. Iibhetri zeLithium zinokuhlawuliswa ngamaxesha amafutshane kwaye zigcinwe kuwo nawuphi na umthamo ongaphezulu kwe-zero ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuPhathwa

Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinenzuzo enkulu kwiisethingi zemizi-mveliso. Okokuqala, banokuzinza okukhulu kwe-thermal. Ezi bhetri zinokusebenza kumaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-131°F ngaphandle kokwenzakala. Iibhetri zeasidi yelothe zinokuphulukana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yomjikelo wobomi bazo kubushushu obufanayo.

Omnye umba bubunzima beebhetri. Ngomthamo webhetri efanayo, iibhetri zeasidi yelothe zinobunzima obukhulu ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, bahlala befuna izixhobo ezithile kunye nexesha elide lokufakela, elinokukhokelela kwiiyure ezimbalwa zamadoda ezichithwe emsebenzini.

Omnye umba lukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Ngokubanzi, iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zikhuselekile kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid. Ngokwezikhokelo ze-OSHA, iibhetri ezikhokelayo ze-asidi kufuneka zigcinwe kwigumbi elikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezenzelwe ukuphelisa i-fumes eyingozi. Oko kwazisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo kunye nobunzima kumsebenzi woshishino.

Ukuqukumbela

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinenzuzo ecacileyo kwiindawo zoshishino kunye neenqwelo zombane eziphantsi kwesantya. Zihlala ixesha elide, ngenxa yoko zigcina imali yabasebenzisi. Ezi bhetri zikwalulondolozo lwe-zero, olubaluleke ngakumbi kwindawo yoshishino apho ukonga iindleko kubaluleke kakhulu.