Batterium ion

Batteri-rion batteri ni ubwoko bwa kera bwa bateri. Ibyiza byingenzi aya materi atanga nuko bakishyuwe. Kubera iyi miterere, baboneka mubikoresho byabaguzi muri iki gihe bikoresha bateri. Bashobora kuboneka muri terefone, ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, na bateri bakoresheje amagare ya golf.

Nigute bateri-ion ion ion ikora?

Batteri-ion ion igizwe nikangurano imwe cyangwa miremire-ion. Barimo kandi akanama gakikiza kugirango wirinde kurenga. Ingirabuzimafatizo zitwa bateri zigeze gushyirwaho muri cising hamwe ninama yumuzunguruko urinda.

Bateri-ion bateri imwe na bateri ya lithium?

Oya. Bateri ya Lithium hamwe na bateri ya lithium-ion iratandukanye cyane. Itandukaniro nyamukuru nuko aba nyuma bishyuwe. Irindi tandukaniro rikomeye nubuzima bubi. Bateri ya Lithium irashobora kumara imyaka 12 idakoreshwa, mugihe bateri ya lithium-ion ifite ubuzima bwaka umuriro kuva kumyaka 3.

Nibihe bintu byingenzi bya lithium bateri

Ingirabuzimafatizo za lithium-ion zifite ibice bine byingenzi. Ibi ni:

Anode

Anode yemerera amashanyarazi kwimuka muri bateri kugeza kumuzunguruko wo hanze. Irimo kandi lithium ont iyo yishyuza bateri.

Cathode

Cathode nibyo bigena ubushobozi bwa selile na voltage. Ikora lithium ont mugihe isohotse bateri.

Electrolyte

Amashanyarazi ni ibikoresho, bikora nkumuyoboro wa lithuum ont kwimuka hagati ya Cathode na Anode. Igizwe n'ubwinyunyuhunyu, inyongeramusaruro, nuburyo butandukanye.

Gutandukanya

Igice cya nyuma mu kagari ka Lithium-ion nitandukana. Ikora nka bariyeri yumubiri kugirango Cashode na Anode batandukanye.

Batteri-ion ion barimo yimura lithium ont muri cathode kuri anode na ubundi bakoresheje electrolyte. Nkuko ion yimuka, bakora electron yubusa muri anode, gushyiraho amafaranga kumukunzi mwiza. Izi elect zitemba zinyuze mubikoresho, terefone cyangwa igare rya golf, kuri mugenzi wawe hamwe na Cathode. Urugendo rwubusa rwa electron imbere ya bateri irabuzwa no gutandukanya, kubahatira guhura.

Iyo wishyuye bateri ya lithium-ion, Cathode izarekura Lithium, kandi bagenda berekeza kuri Anode. Iyo usohotse, lithium veon kuva kuri anode kugera i Cathode, bitanga ikirundo.

Bateri Lithium-ion yahimbwe?

Batteri-rion bateri yabanje gusabwa muri 70 by chemiste yicyongereza Stanley Whittingham. Mu bushakashatsi bwe, abahanga bakora iperereza kuri chemiste batandukanye kuri bateri ishobora kwishyuza. Urubanza rwe rwa mbere rwarimo Titanium decium na Lithium nka electrode. Ariko, bateri yashoboraga kuzenguruka no guturika.

Muri ibyo gihe0, undi muhanga, John B. Goodyenough, yahuye n'ikibazo. Bidatinze, Akira Yoshino, chemiste y'Abayapani, yatangiye ubushakashatsi mu ikoranabuhanga. Yoshino na Goneyegh bagaragaje ko icyuma cya lithium aricyo mpamvu nyamukuru yo guturika.

Muri 90, tekinoroji ya Lithium-ion yatangiye gukurura, guhita kuba isoko izwi cyane mu mpera z'imyaka icumi. Byaranze bwa mbere ko ikoranabuhanga ryacukuwe na Sony. Iyo miziri idakera ya bateri yumutima yatumye bateri za lithium zateye imbere bateri-ion ion.

Mugihe bateri za lithiyuhu zirashobora gukora ingufu nyinshi zingufu, nta mutekano zifite mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohoka. Kurundi ruhande, bateri ya lithium-ion nibyiza rwose kwishyuza no gusohora mugihe abakoresha bakurikiza amabwiriza shingiro yumutekano.

Niyihe mithium nziza ya chimie?

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa lithium-ondicer. Ibiboneka mubucuruzi ni:

Lithium titanite
Lithium nikel cobalt aluminium oxide
Lithium nikel manganese cabase
Litiyum Manganese Oxide (LMO)
Lithium cobalt oxide
Lithium icyuma (ubuzima bwa litpo4)

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwamayoko kuri bateri ya lithium-ion. Buriwese afite ubusokazi no mubi. Ariko, bamwe bakwiriye gusa gahunda yihariye yo gukoresha. Nkibyo, ubwoko uhitamo buzaterwa nububasha bwawe bukeneye, ingengo yimari, kwihanganira umutekano, hamwe nurubanza rwihariye.

Ariko, bateri yabayeho nuburyo bukoreshwa mubucuruzi. Batteri zirimo igishushanyo cya karubone, ikora nka anode, na fosifate nka cathode. Bafite ubuzima burebure bwimizingo kugeza 10,000.

Byongeye kandi, batanga ubushyuhe bukomeye kandi bushobora gukoresha neza buhoro buhoro. Batteri ya Lifepo4 yashyizwe ku mipaka ya Runawal ya Gelmal igera kuri 510 Fahrenheit, hejuru yubucuruzi bwa lithium-ion.

Ibyiza bya bateri ya siyumu

Ugereranije nubuyobozi bwa aside hamwe na bateri zishingiye kuri lithium, lithium icyuma cya lithium fosithate batteri zifite inyungu nini. Bashinja kandi barasohoka neza, bimara igihe kirekire, kandi barashobora kwiyongera kcleudatakaje ubushobozi. Izi nyungu zisobanura ko bateri itanga amafaranga menshi yo kuzigama ibiciro ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa bateri. Hasi ni ukureba ibyiza byihariye byibi bateri muburyo bwihuse hamwe nibikoresho byinganda.

Bateri yubuzima mumodoka nkeya

Imodoka nkeya zihuta (Abalewi) zifite ibinyabiziga biziga bine bipima bitarenze ibiro 3000. Zikoreshwa na bateri yamashanyarazi, zituma zihitamo ikunzwe kumagare ya golf nibindi bikoresho byo kwidagadura.

Mugihe utoragura amahitamo ya bateri ya lev, kimwe mubitekerezo byingenzi ni amakosa. Kurugero, amagare ya golf ya bateri agomba kugira imbaraga zihagije zo gutwara hafi yinzira 18 ya golf ya golf utishyuye.

Ikindi gitekerezo cyingenzi ni gahunda yo kubungabunga. Bateri nziza idashobora gusaba kubungabunga kugirango yishimire cyane ibikorwa byawe bidatinze.

Bateri igomba kandi gushobora gukora mubihe bitandukanye. Kurugero, igomba kukwemerera golf haba mubushyuhe bwimpeshyi no kugwa mugihe ubushyuhe bugabanuka.

Bateri nziza nayo igomba kuzana sisitemu yo kugenzura ibibera kutishyurwa cyangwa gukonjesha cyane, bitesha agaciro ubushobozi bwayo.

Kimwe mu bicuruzwa byiza byujuje ibi bintu byose byibanze ariko byingenzi ni roypow. Umurongo wabo wa bateri yubuzima washyizwe ku bushyuhe bwa 4 ° F kugeza 131 ° F. Batteri izanye na sisitemu yo gucunga bater yubatswe kandi biroroshye cyane kuyishyiraho.

Inganda Gusaba Lithium Bateri

Batteri-ion ion ni amahitamo azwi mubikorwa byinganda. Chimie isanzwe ikoreshwa ni bateri ya Livepo4. Bimwe mubikoresho bisanzwe kugirango ukoreshe iyi bateri ni:

Aisle ya Aisro
Kuringaniza
3 ibiziga
Kugenda
Impera hamwe na moteri

Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma bateri za lithium zikura mubyamamare mumiterere yinganda. Ibyingenzi ni:

Ubushobozi bwinshi no kuramba

Batteri-ion ion bateri ifite imbaraga nini kandi kuramba ugereranije na bateri-aside. Barashobora gupima kimwe cya gatatu cyuburemere no gutanga umusaruro umwe.

Ubuzima bwabo ni ikindi cyinyungu zikomeye. Kubikorwa byinganda, intego nugukomeza ibiciro byigihe gito kugirango byibuze. Hamwe na lithium-ion bateri, bateri ya forklift irashobora kumara inshuro eshatu igihe kirekire, biganisha ku kuzigama kw'ibiciro bikabije mugihe kirekire.

Barashobora kandi gukorera murwego rwo hejuru rwo gusohora kugeza kuri 80% nta ngaruka kubushobozi bwabo. Ibyo bifite izindi nyungu mugihe cyo kuzigama igihe. Ibikorwa ntibikeneye guhagarika hagati kugirango uhuze bateri, zishobora kuganisha kumasaha ibihumbi byamasaha ibihumbi bikijijwe mugihe kinini.

Kwihuta-kwihuta

Hamwe na bateri-istrial acide, igihe gisanzwe cyo kwishyuza ni amasaha umunani. Ibyo bihwanye namasaha 8 yose ahinduka aho bateri idashoboka ikoreshwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umuyobozi agomba kubara iyi makosa no kugura bateri yinyongera.

Hamwe na bateri yubuzima, ntabwo ari ikibazo. Urugero rwiza niRoypow inganda nziza yinganda, iteganya inshuro enye byihuse kuruta kuyobora bateri ya aside. Indi nyungu nubushobozi bwo gukomeza gukora neza mugihe cyo gusohoka. Kuyobora bateri ya aside akenshi bikaba bikaba bitinze mugihe basohoye.

Umurongo wa Roypow wa bateri yinganda kandi nta kibazo cyo kwibuka, ukesha sisitemu yo gucunga neza. Kuyobora bateri ya aside akenshi bikabazwa niki kibazo, bishobora kuganisha ku kunanirwa kugera kubushobozi bwuzuye.

Hamwe nigihe, bitera sulfate, bishobora guca ubuzima busanzwe muri kimwe cya kabiri. Ikibazo gikunze kubaho mugihe kiyobowe na aside ibitswe nta kirego cyuzuye. Batteri ya Lithium irashobora kwishyurwa mugihe gito kandi ibibikwa kubushobozi ubwo aribwo bwose kuri zeru nta kibazo.

Umutekano no gufata

Batteri ya Lifepo4 ifite inyungu nini muburyo bwinganda. Ubwa mbere, bafite umutekano munini. Iyi bateri irashobora gukora mubushyuhe bwo kugeza 131 ° F idafite ibyangiritse. Kuyobora bateri ya aside byatakaza kuri 80% byubuzima bwabo ku bushyuhe busa.

Ikindi kibazo nuburemere bwa bateri. Kubintu bisa na bateri, bateri ya aside ipima byinshi. Nkibyo, akenshi bakeneye ibikoresho byihariye no mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho igihe kirekire, bishobora kuganisha kumasaha make y'amasaha make yakoreshejwe kumurimo.

Ikindi kibazo ni umutekano uharanira inyungu. Muri rusange, bateri yumutima ni nziza kuruta bateri-aside. Nk'uko amabwiriza ya OSHA, ayahe bateri ya aside igomba kubikwa mucyumba kidasanzwe hamwe nibikoresho byateguwe kugirango ukureho imyotsi iteje akaga. Ibyo bitangiza ikiguzi cyinyongera kandi kigoye mubikorwa byinganda.

Umwanzuro

Batteri-ion bateri ifite inyungu zisobanutse mumiterere yinganda no kubinyabiziga bike. Bimara igihe kirekire, kubwibyo kuzigama abakoresha amafaranga. Iyi bateri nayo yarukurira zeru, ifite akamaro cyane cyane muburyo bwinganda aho kugura ibiciro birimo kwifuza.