Hariho imyumvire igenda yiyongera ku isi hose ko ari ngombwa ko tugana ku masoko arambye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hakenewe guhanga udushya no gushyiraho ibisubizo byingufu zidasanzwe zitezimbere kubona ingufu zishobora kubaho. Ibisubizo byatanzwe bizagira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere ninyungu murwego.
Imiyoboro ya Smart
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize ingufu zidasanzwe zikoreshwa ni amashanyarazi akomeye, tekinoroji ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ibikoresho hakoreshejwe itumanaho ryuburyo bubiri. Urusobekerane rwubwenge rutanga amakuru nyayo-yamakuru, atuma abakoresha naba gride bakora byihuse guhinduka.
Imiyoboro ya Smart yemeza ko gride ihujwe na software ikoresha ingufu, bigatuma bishoboka kugereranya imikoreshereze yingufu hamwe nigiciro kijyanye nayo. Muri rusange, ibiciro by'amashanyarazi bizamuka bikenewe. Abaguzi barashobora kubona amakuru ajyanye nibiciro byingufu. Muri icyo gihe, abakoresha gride barashobora kuyobora neza imitwaro mugihe bakora amashanyarazi yegerejwe abaturage bishoboka.
Interineti yibintu (IoT) hamwe nisesengura ryamakuru
Ibikoresho bya IoT bikusanya amakuru menshi ava muri sisitemu yingufu zegerejwe abaturage nkizuba. Ukoresheje isesengura ryamakuru, amakuru arashobora gufasha mugutezimbere ingufu zingufu ziyi sisitemu. IoT yishingikiriza kuri sensor n'ibikoresho by'itumanaho kugirango yohereze amakuru nyayo yo gufata ibyemezo byiza.
IoT ningirakamaro muguhuza amasoko yingufu zaho nkizuba n umuyaga muri gride. Byongeye kandi, irashobora gufasha guhindura abahinzi-borozi bato bato n'abaguzi mubice bigize amashanyarazi. Ikusanyamakuru rinini, rihujwe na algorithms ikora neza mugihe cyo gusesengura amakuru nyayo, kora igishushanyo cyibikoresho bitandukanye mubihe bitandukanye kugirango habeho gukora neza.
Ubwenge bwa artificiel (AI) no Kwiga Imashini (ML)
Nta gushidikanya ko AI na ML bizagira ingaruka zimpinduka kumwanya w’ingufu zishobora kumera. Birashobora kuba ibikoresho byingenzi mugucunga grid mugutanga amakuru meza yo gucunga imizigo. Byongeye kandi, barashobora gufasha kumenya neza imiyoboro ya gride binyuze muburyo bwiza buteganijwe bwo kubungabunga ibice bya gride.
Hamwe no kwiyongera kwimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi hamwe nogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi sisitemu yo gushyushya, urwego rwa gride ruziyongera. Kwishingikiriza kuri sisitemu ya gride ikomatanya kubyara no gukwirakwiza ingufu nabyo biteganijwe ko bigabanuka uko ubundi ingufu zituruka kumikoreshereze. Mugihe abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bakoresha ubwo buryo bushya bwingufu, birashobora gushyira igitutu kinini kuri gride.
Gukoresha ML na AI mugucunga amasoko yingufu zegerejwe abaturage birashobora gutuma imiyoboro ihamye yingufu, hamwe nimbaraga zerekanwa neza aho zikenewe. Muri make, AI na ML barashobora gukora nkuyobora muri orchestre kugirango ibintu byose bikore neza igihe cyose.
AI na ML bizaba kimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi byakemuwe byingufu zigihe kizaza. Bazafasha kuva mubikorwa remezo-bishingiye ku murage byerekana uburyo bukomeye kandi bworoshye. Mugihe kimwe, bazemeza neza gucunga neza ubuzima bwite bwabaguzi namakuru. Mugihe urusobe rugenda rwiyongera, abafata ibyemezo bazibanda cyane kubyongera ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu no gukwirakwiza.
Uruhare rw'abikorera-ba Leta
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigizwe nigisubizo cyingufu zidasanzwe ni abikorera. Abakinnyi mu bikorera bashishikarizwa guhanga udushya no guhatana. Igisubizo cyongerewe inyungu kuri buri wese. Urugero rwiza rwibi ni inganda za PC na terefone. Bitewe no guhatanira ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, mu myaka mike ishize habaye udushya mu kwishyuza ikoranabuhanga, ubushobozi bwo kubika, hamwe nubushobozi butandukanye bwa terefone. Amaterefone agezweho ni ordre de magnitude imbaraga nyinshi kandi ifite akamaro kanini kuruta mudasobwa zose zakozwe muri 80.
Abikorera bazateza imbere ibisubizo by'ingufu. Urwego rushishikajwe no gutanga udushya twiza kuko hari ubushake bwo kubaho. Ibigo byigenga nibyo mucamanza mwiza wibisubizo bikemura ibibazo bihari.
Nyamara, inzego za leta nazo zifite uruhare runini. Bitandukanye n'inzego za Leta, ibigo byigenga ntibishishikarizwa guhanga udushya. Mugukorana nabikorera ku giti cyabo, urwego rwa leta rushobora gufasha kwemeza udushya mu rwego rwingufu.
Noneho ko tumaze gusobanukirwa ibice byorohereza ibisubizo byingufu zidasanzwe, dore reba neza ibisubizo byihariye bifasha kubikora.
Ingufu zo Kubika Ingufu Zigendanwa
Ububiko bwingufu zigendanwa nimwe mubisoko biheruka gukemura ibibazo byingufu. Ikuraho ibicanwa biva mu binyabiziga byubucuruzi kugirango bikoreshe sisitemu ya batiri ya LiFePO4. Izi sisitemu zifite imirasire y'izuba itabishaka gukusanya ingufu mugihe mumuhanda.
Imwe mu nyungu zikomeye ziyi sisitemu ni ugukuraho urusaku n’umwanda. Byongeye kandi, sisitemu iganisha ku biciro biri hasi. Ku binyabiziga byubucuruzi, ingufu nyinshi zipfusha ubusa muri leta idakora. Igisubizo cyubucuruzi bwingufu zigendanwa gishobora gucunga neza ingufu zidakora. Ikuraho kandi ibindi biciro, nko kubungabunga moteri ihenze, ikubiyemo amavuta na filteri ihinduka.
Imbaraga zimbaraga za sisitemu
Igice kinini cyimodoka itari mumihanda ikoreshwa na bateri ya aside irike, itinda kwishyurwa, kandi ikenera bateri. Izi bateri nazo zitaweho cyane kandi zifite ibyago byinshi byo kwangirika kwa aside no guturika. Byongeye kandi, bateri ya aside-aside irerekana ikibazo gikomeye cyibidukikije muburyo zijugunywa.
Batteri ya Litiyumu ya fosifate (LiFePO4) irashobora gufasha gukemura ibyo bibazo. Bafite ububiko bunini, bafite umutekano, kandi bapima bike. Byongeye kandi, bafite igihe kinini cyo kubaho, gishobora gutuma binjiza neza ba nyirabyo.
Inzu yo Kubika Ingufu
Ububiko bw'ingufu zo guturamo nubundi buryo bwingenzi bwo gukemura ibibazo. Amabanki ya bateri yemerera abakiriya kubika ingufu zituruka kumirasire yizuba kandi bakazikoresha mugihe cyamasaha. Byongeye kandi, zirashobora gukoreshwa mukubika ingufu muri gride mugihe cyamasaha yo hejuru kugirango ikoreshwe mugihe cyamasaha.
Hamwe na software igezweho yo gucunga ingufu, kubika ingufu murugo birashobora kugabanya cyane gukoresha urugo. Iyindi nyungu ikomeye nuko bashobora kwemeza ko urugo rwawe ruhora rufite ingufu. Sisitemu ya Grid rimwe na rimwe iramanuka, igasiga ingo zidafite amashanyarazi amasaha. Hamwe nigisubizo cyo kubika ingufu murugo, urashobora buri gihe kwemeza ko ibikoresho byawe bifite ingufu. Kurugero, bizemeza ko HVAC yawe ihora ikora kugirango itange uburambe bwiza.
Muri rusange, ibisubizo byingufu zo murugo bifasha gukora ingufu zicyatsi zishoboka. Bituma aribwo buryo bukurura rubanda nyamwinshi, bashobora kwishimira inyungu igihe cyose cyumunsi - urugero, abatavuga rumwe nizuba bavuga ko ari rimwe na rimwe. Hamwe nigisubizo kinini cyingufu zo murugo, urugo urwo arirwo rwose rushobora kwishimira ibyiza byingufu zizuba. Hamwe na bateri ya LiFePO4, ingufu nyinshi zirashobora kubikwa mumwanya muto nta kibazo kibangamiye urugo. Bitewe n'ubuzima burebure bwa bateri, urashobora kwitega kuzishyura neza igishoro cyawe. Hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, izi bateri zirashobora kwitezwaho kugumana ubushobozi bwo kubika cyane mubuzima bwabo bwose.
Incamake
Ejo hazaza h'urusobe rw'ingufu ruzashingira ku bisubizo byinshi byabigenewe kugira ngo urusheho gukomera kandi neza. Mugihe nta gisubizo kimwe, ibyo byose birashobora gukora neza kugirango habeho uburambe bukomeye kuri buri wese. Guverinoma nyinshi zirabyemera, niyo mpamvu zitanga inkunga nyinshi. Izi nkunga zirashobora gufata uburyo bwimpano cyangwa imisoro.
Niba uhisemo gukoresha ibisubizo byabigenewe kugirango urusheho kubona ingufu, urashobora kwemererwa kimwe muribi. Inzira nziza yo gukora ibi nukuvugana numushinga wujuje ibyangombwa. Bazatanga amakuru, harimo kuzamura ushobora gukora murugo kugirango birusheho kugenda neza. Iterambere rishobora kubamo kugura ibikoresho bishya, biganisha ku kuzigama ingufu nyinshi mugihe kirekire.
