Mugihe ukeneye gutwara mumuhanda ibyumweru bibiri, ikamyo yawe iba inzu yawe igendanwa. Waba utwaye imodoka, uryamye, cyangwa uruhuka gusa, niho urara umunsi kumunsi. Kubwibyo, ubwiza bwicyo gihe mumodoka yawe nibyingenzi kandi bijyanye no guhumurizwa kwawe, umutekano, no kumererwa neza muri rusange. Kugira amashanyarazi yizewe bigira itandukaniro rikomeye mugihe cyiza.
Mugihe cyo kuruhuka no kuruhuka, mugihe uhagaritse kandi ushaka kwishyuza terefone yawe, gushyushya ibiryo muri microwave, cyangwa gufungura icyuma gikonjesha kugirango ukonje, ushobora gukenera gukora moteri yikamyo kugirango ubyare amashanyarazi. Nyamara, kubera ko ibiciro bya lisansi byazamutse kandi amabwiriza y’ibyuka byoherezwa mu kirere akaba akomeye, moteri y’amakamyo gakondo idakora ntabwo ikiri inzira nziza yo gutanga amashanyarazi mu bikorwa by’amato. Kubona ubundi buryo bunoze kandi bwubukungu ni ngombwa.
Aha niho hakoreshwa ishami ryingufu zifasha (APU)! Muri iyi blog, tuzakuyobora mubintu byibanze ugomba kumenya kubijyanye na APU ishami ryamakamyo nibyiza byo kugira imwe mumodoka yawe.
Niki APU ishami ryamakamyo?
Igice cya APU cyikamyo nigice gito, kigendanwa cyigenga, cyane cyane generator ikora neza, yashyizwe kumamodoka. Irashoboye kubyara imbaraga zingoboka zisabwa kugirango zishyigikire umutwaro nkamatara, ubukonje, TV, microwave, na firigo mugihe moteri nyamukuru idakora.
Muri rusange, hari ubwoko bubiri bwibanze bwa APU. Dizel APU, ubusanzwe iherereye hanze yikigo cyawe mubisanzwe inyuma ya kabine kugirango lisansi yoroshye kandi igerweho muri rusange, izabura amavuta yikamyo kugirango itange amashanyarazi. Umuyagankuba APU ugabanya ibirenge bya karubone kandi bisaba kubungabungwa byibuze.
Inyungu zo Gukoresha APU Igice cyamakamyo
Hariho inyungu nyinshi za APU. Dore inyungu esheshatu zambere zo gushyira igice cya APU mumodoka yawe:
Inyungu 1: Kugabanya Ibicanwa
Ibiciro byo gukoresha lisansi bifata igice kinini cyigiciro cyo gukora kumato hamwe nabakora nyirayo. Mugihe idakora moteri ikomeza ibidukikije byiza kubashoferi, ikoresha ingufu birenze urugero. Isaha yo kudakora itwara hafi litiro imwe ya lisansi ya mazutu, mugihe ishami rya APU rishingiye kuri mazutu ikamyo itwara bike - hafi litiro 0,25 ya lisansi kumasaha.
Ugereranije, ikamyo idakora hagati yamasaha 1800 na 2500 kumwaka. Dufashe amasaha 2500 ku mwaka yo kudakora na mazutu kuri $ 2.80 kuri gallon, ikamyo ikoresha amadolari 7,000 yo kudakora kuri buri kamyo. Niba ucunga amato hamwe namakamyo amagana, icyo giciro kirashobora guhita gisimbuka kugera ku bihumbi mirongo byamadorari nibindi buri kwezi. Hamwe na mazutu APU, kuzigama amadolari arenga 5,000 $ kumwaka birashobora kugerwaho, mugihe APU yamashanyarazi ishobora kuzigama byinshi.
Inyungu 2: Ubuzima bwagutse bwa moteri
Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’amakamyo muri Amerika ribitangaza, isaha imwe yo kudakora ku munsi ku mwaka umwe bivamo ihwanye n'ibirometero 64.000 mu kwambara moteri. Kubera ko ikamyo idakora ishobora kubyara aside sulfurike, ishobora kurya kuri moteri n'ibigize ibinyabiziga, kwambara no kurira kuri moteri byiyongera cyane. Byongeye kandi, kudakora bizagabanya ubushyuhe bwa silinderi yaka umuriro, bitera kwiyubaka muri moteri no gufunga. Kubwibyo, abashoferi bakeneye gukoresha APU kugirango birinde gukora no kugabanya amarira ya moteri no kwambara.
Inyungu 3: Kugabanya Amafaranga yo Kubungabunga
Amafaranga yo gufata neza kubera kudakora cyane ararenze kure ayandi mafaranga ashoboka yo kubungabunga. Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi bw’ubwikorezi muri Amerika kivuga ko ikigereranyo cyo kubungabunga ikamyo yo mu cyiciro cya 8 ari 14.8 ku kirometero. Gukuramo ikamyo biganisha kumafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga. Iyo hamwe n'ikamyo APU, intera ya serivise yo kubungabunga iraguka. Ntugomba kumara umwanya munini mumaduka yo gusana, kandi ibiciro byumurimo nibikoresho byaragabanutse cyane, bityo bikagabanya igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite.
Inyungu ya 4: Kubahiriza amabwiriza
Kubera ingaruka mbi ziterwa namakamyo zidakora ku bidukikije ndetse n’ubuzima rusange, imijyi myinshi minini ku isi yashyize mu bikorwa amategeko n'amabwiriza yo kurwanya ubusa kugira ngo ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Ibibujijwe, amande, nibihano biratandukanye mumijyi. Mu mujyi wa New York, kudakora ibinyabiziga ntibyemewe iyo bimara iminota irenga 3, kandi abafite ibinyabiziga bari gucibwa amande. Amabwiriza ya CARB ateganya ko abashoferi b’ibinyabiziga bikomoka kuri mazutu bikoreshwa na mazutu bifite uburemere bw’ibinyabiziga birenga ibiro 10,000, harimo bisi hamwe n’ikamyo yo kuryamaho, ntibikoresha moteri y’ibanze ya mazutu igihe kirenze iminota itanu ahantu hose. Kubwibyo, kubahiriza amabwiriza no kugabanya ibibazo muri serivisi zamakamyo, ishami rya APU ryamakamyo ninzira nziza yo kugenda.
Inyungu 5: Ihumure ryumushoferi
Abashoferi b'amakamyo barashobora gukora neza kandi batanga umusaruro mugihe bafite ikiruhuko gikwiye. Nyuma yumunsi wo gutwara urugendo rurerure, ukurura ahagarara. Nubwo cab yo kuryama itanga umwanya uhagije wo kuruhuka, urusaku rwo gukoresha moteri yamakamyo rushobora kutubabaza. Kugira igice cya APU kubikamyo bitanga ibidukikije bituje kugirango uruhuke neza mugihe gikora muburyo bwo kwishyuza, guhumeka, gushyushya, no gushyushya moteri. Yongera urugo rumeze nkurugo kandi rutuma uburambe bwawe bwo gutwara bushimisha. Kurangiza, bizafasha kuzamura umusaruro rusange wamato.
Inyungu 6: Kunoza ibidukikije birambye
Gukora moteri yamakamyo bizatanga imiti yangiza, gaze, nuduce, bikaviramo kwanduza ikirere. Buri minota 10 yo kudakora irekura ibiro 1 bya dioxyde de carbone mu kirere, bikabije imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi. Mugihe mazutu APUs ikoresha lisansi, ikoresha bike kandi ifasha amakamyo kugabanya ikirenge cya karuboni ugereranije no gukora moteri no kuzamura ibidukikije.
Kuzamura amato yamakamyo hamwe na APUs
Byaba byinshi byo gutanga, gushyira APU mumodoka yawe birasabwa cyane. Mugihe uhisemo ibice bya APU bikwiye kubikamyo, tekereza ubwoko bukwiranye nibyo ukeneye: mazutu cyangwa amashanyarazi. Mu myaka yashize, amashanyarazi ya APU yamakamyo yamenyekanye cyane ku isoko ryo gutwara abantu. Bakenera kubungabunga bike, gushyigikira amasaha menshi yo guhumeka, no gukora bucece.
ROYPOW imwe ihagarara 48 V sisitemu yamashanyarazi yose ya APUnigisubizo cyiza kidakora, isuku, ubwenge, kandi ituje ubundi buryo bwa mazutu APUs. Ihuza 48 V DC isimburanya ubwenge, bateri 10 kWh LiFePO4, 12,000 BTU / h DC icyuma gikonjesha, 48 V kugeza 12 V DC-DC ihindura, 3.5 kVA byose-muri-inverter, ecran yo kugenzura ingufu zubwenge, hamwe nizuba ryoroshye Umwanya. Hamwe nubu buryo bukomeye, abashoferi b'amakamyo barashobora kwishimira amasaha arenga 14 yigihe cya AC. Ibice byingenzi bikozwe muburyo bwimodoka, bigabanya ibikenewe kubungabungwa kenshi. Yemejwe kubikorwa bitaruhije kumyaka itanu, birenze bimwe mubucuruzi bwamato. Kwishyurwa byoroshye kandi byamasaha 2 byihuta bikomeza imbaraga mugihe kinini mumuhanda.
Umwanzuro
Mugihe turebye imbere ahazaza h’inganda zitwara amakamyo, biragaragara ko amashanyarazi yingoboka (APUs) azahinduka ibikoresho byingufu zingirakamaro kubakoresha amato ndetse nabashoferi. Nubushobozi bwabo bwo kugabanya ikoreshwa rya lisansi, kuzamura ibidukikije, kubahiriza amabwiriza, kuzamura ihumure ryabashoferi, kongera ubuzima bwa moteri, no kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga, ibice bya APU kumamodoka bihindura uburyo amakamyo akora mumuhanda.
Muguhuza ubwo buhanga bugezweho mumamodoka yamakamyo, ntabwo tunoza imikorere ninyungu gusa ahubwo tunatanga uburambe bworoshye kandi butanga umusaruro kubashoferi mugihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, ni intambwe igana ahazaza heza, harambye ku nganda zitwara abantu.
Ingingo bifitanye isano:
