Pa zaka 50 zapitazi, pakhala kuchuluka kosalekeza kwa magetsi apadziko lonse lapansi 25,300 m'chaka 2021. Posinthana ndi malonda 4.0, pali kuchuluka kwa mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi. Manambalawa akuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse, osati kuphatikizaponso mphamvu za mafakitale achuma ndi asukulu ena azachuma. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ndi mphamvu kwambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha mpweya wowonjezera wowonjezera kutentha kwa mpweya. Pakadali pano, zomera zam'malo ambiri zimadalira kwambiri magwero a mafuta (mafuta ndi gasi) kuti akwaniritse zofuna izi. Izi zimalepheretsa m'badwo wowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito njira wamba. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa njira zosungira ndi zodalirika zamphamvu kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso zodalirika kuchokera ku magwero osinthika.

Gawo la Enerner layankha pofulumizitsa mphamvu zowonjezera kapena "zobiriwira". Kusintha kwathandizidwa ndi maluso opanga opanga bwino, kumapangitsa mwachitsanzo kuti azipanga bwino zamiyala yamkuntho yamkuntho. Komanso, ofufuza athandizanso kusintha bwino maselo a Photovovoltal, omwe amatsogolera kudera lamphamvu m'dera lililonse. Mu 2021, m'badwo wamagetsi kuchokera ku dzuwa Gwero lamphamvu pambuyo pa hydropewer ndi mphepo.

Komabe, zopumira izi sizimathetsa zina mwazinthu zachilengedwe za mphamvu zosinthidwa, makamaka kupezeka. Zinthu zambiri mwanjira izi sizipanga mphamvu pofunafuna monga malasha ndi mafuta opangira mafuta. Enelar Mphamvu zotuluka zimapezeka tsiku lonse mosamalitsa kutengera ndi makona a dzuwa ndi ma pv. Sizingatulutse mphamvu usiku uliwonse pomwe kutulutsa kwake kumachepetsedwa kwambiri panyengo yachisanu komanso masiku owopsa kwambiri. Mphamvu yamkuntho imadwalanso chifukwa cha kusinthaku kutengera kuthamanga kwa mphepo. Chifukwa chake, njira zothetsera vutoli zikuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi makina osungira mphamvu kuti muchepetse mphamvu pa nthawi yochepa yotulutsa.

Kodi njira zosungira mphamvu za mphamvu ndi ziti?

Makina osungira mphamvu amatha kusungira mphamvu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pambuyo pake. Nthawi zina, padzakhala mitundu yamagetsi yotembenuka pakati pa mphamvu zosungidwa ndikupereka mphamvu. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndi mabatire amagetsi monga mabatire a lifiyamu kapena mabatire acid-acid. Amapereka mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pakati pa electrodes ndi electrolyte.

Mabatire, kapena Bess (batri ya batri), akuimira njira yosungirako mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku. Njira ina yosungirako ilipo ngati ydropewer zomera zomwe zimasinthira mphamvu yamadzi omwe amasungidwa mu damu lamagetsi. Madzi akugwa adzasandutsa ntchentche ya Turbine yomwe imatulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi. Chitsanzo china chimakakamizidwa gasi, atamasula gasi adzayatsa mphamvu ya Turbine.

Zomwe zimapatukana matteries kuchokera njira zina zosungirako ndi malo awo ogwirira ntchito. Kuchokera pazida zazing'ono ndi mphamvu zamagalimoto zothandizira pabanja ndi mafamu akulu owonda, mabatire amatha kuzimiririka pang'ono pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kumbali inayo, hydrower yolimba ndi kukakamiza mpweya njira zimafunikira zowonjezera zazikulu komanso zovuta zosungira. Izi zimabweretsa ndalama zambiri zomwe zimafunikira ntchito zazikulu kwambiri kuti zikhale zodetsedwa.

Gwiritsani ntchito milandu yosungirako nyama.

Monga tanena kale, machitidwe osungirako nyama omwe amasungidwa kale, amatha kuthandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kudalira njira zobwezeretsera mphamvu monga mphamvu ndi mphepo. Komabe, pali ntchito zina zomwe zingapindulitse kwambiri ndi machitidwe ngati awa

City Mphamvu yamphamvu ndiyofunikira kuti mupereke mphamvu yoyenera kutengera ndi zomwe mzinda uliwonse umafunikira. Mphamvu zofuna zimatha kusinthasintha tsiku lonse. Njira zosungira zosungirako zagalasi zoyendetsedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndikumapereka bata mwazovuta. Kuchokera panjira yosiyanasiyana, njira zosungirako za gridi imatha kukhala yopindulitsa kwambiri pakulakwitsa kwaukadaulo waukulu mu mphamvu zazikulu kapena nthawi yokonza. Amatha kukwaniritsa zofuna zamphamvu popanda kufunafuna njira zina zamagetsi. Wina akhoza kutchulanso mkuntho wa Texas kumayambiriro kwa February 2023 yemwe wasiya anthu pafupifupi 262,000 opanda mphamvu, pomwe kukonza adachedwa chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta.

Magalimoto amagetsi ndi ntchito ina. Ofufuzawo athira kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti athetse kupanga kwa batire ndikulipiritsa / kuperekera njira kuti muwonjezere moyo ndi mabatire. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion ali kutsogolo kwa kusintha kwakung'ono kotere ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto atsopano komanso mabasi amagetsi. Mabatire abwino pankhaniyi amatha kuyambitsa mileage yambiri komanso kuchepetsedwa nthawi yovuta ndi matekinoloje abwino.

Kupita kwina konse kwaukadaulo kumakonda uVavs ndi maloboti am'manja apindula kwambiri chifukwa cha chitukuko cha batiri. Pali njira zoyenda ndi njira zowongolera zimadalira kwambiri pabalaza ndi mphamvu zoperekedwa.

Kodi Bess ndi chiyani

Chigoba kapena batire chosungira ndi njira yosungiramo mphamvu yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusunga mphamvu. Mphamvuzi zimatha kuchokera ku Grid Grid wamkulu kapena kuchokera ku mphamvu zosinthika monga mphamvu za mphepo komanso mphamvu ya dzuwa. Imapangidwa ndi mabatire angapo omwe amakonzedwa muzosintha zosiyanasiyana (mndandanda / wofanana) ndi wofanana ndi zofunikira. Amalumikizidwa ndi cholembera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza mphamvu ya DC ku mphamvu yogwiritsa ntchito. Dongosolo loyang'anira batri (BMS) limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika mikhalidwe ya batire komanso kubweza / kuperekera ntchito.

Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zosungira mphamvu zina, zimakhala ndi zosinthika makamaka kuti zikhale / kulumikizidwa ndipo safuna malo okwera mtengo kwambiri, koma amabwerabe pamtengo wokwera kwambiri ndipo amafunikira kukonza kokhazikika chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zovuta ndi Zogwiritsa Ntchito

Cholinga chachikulu cholumikizirana pokhazikitsa dongosolo losungira batri likuyamba. Kodi pamakhala mabatire angati? Kodi kusinthika kotani? Nthawi zina, mtundu wa batri ungatenge gawo lofunikira paulendo wamtali malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mtengo ndi mphamvu

Izi zimachitika pa milandu monga momwe mapulogalamu amatha kuchokera kumabanja ang'onoang'ono kuzomera zazikulu za mafakitale.

Gwero lodziwika bwino kwambiri kwa mabanja ang'onoang'ono, makamaka kumatauni, ndilangizo ogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi za Photovoltaic. Injiniya ambiri amalingalira kumwa kwapamwamba kwa banja ndi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ziphuphu za dzuwa kudera lonse. Chiwerengero cha mabatire ndi kapangidwe kawo kamasankhidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zofuna zanyumba panthawi ya mphamvu yotsika kwambiri pachaka pomwe sichikuyatsa mabatire. Izi zikutanthauza yankho loti mukhale ndi mphamvu yokwanira kuchokera ku gridi yayikulu.

Kusunga malo owerengeka kapena osapereka kwathunthu mabatire ndichinthu chomwe chitha kukhala choyenera choyenera poyamba. Kupatula apo, n'chifukwa chiyani kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo losungirako ngati sitingathetse? Mu malingaliro ndizotheka, koma mwina singakhale njira yomwe imakulitsa kubwerera pa ndalama.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri za Bess ndiye mtengo wokwera wa mabatire. Chifukwa chake, kusankha chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito kapena njira yolipirira / yoyipitsa yomwe imakulitsa moyo wa batire ndiyofunikira. Mwachitsanzo. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi, moyo wautali. Amatha kuchotsedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito magawo akulu, koma izi zimabwera pamtengo wowonjezereka. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamtengo pakati pa mankhwala osiyanasiyana a mankhwala, mabatire a acid amatha kukhala mazana ambiri kwa madola otsika mtengo kuposa batri ya lirium-ion yomwe ili kukula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kutsogolera mabatire a acid ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamanja pamayiko a 3rd padziko lonse komanso madera osauka.

Magwiridwe antchito a batri amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka mu nthawi yake, ilibe magwiridwe okhazikika omwe amatha modzidzimutsa. M'malo mwake, kuthekera ndipo kuperekedwa kumatha kumatha pang'onopang'ono. Pochita izi, liwiro la batire limaganiziridwa kuti litha kulowa pomwe mphamvu yake ifika 80% yake yoyambirira. Mwanjira ina, ikakumana ndi 20% imazimiririka. Mwakuchita, izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu yotsika ingaperekedwe. Izi zitha kukhudza nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito makina odziyimira pawokha komanso kuchuluka kwa mileage kuti ithe.

Mfundo ina yofunika kuiganizira ndi chitetezo. Patsogolo pakupanga ndi ukadaulo, mabatire aposachedwa ali ndi vuto lalikulu. Komabe chifukwa cha kuwonongeka komanso kuzunzidwa kwambiri m'mbiri, maselo amatha kupita kunkhondo omwe angayambitse zotsatira zoopsa ndipo nthawi zina amaika moyo wa otani omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Izi ndichifukwa makampani apanga mapulogalamu abwino a bartery (BMS) kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito batire komanso kuwunika thanzi kuti lizisamalira nthawi yake ndikupewa zotsatirapo zotsatizana.

Mapeto

Mwa njira zosungira za Gridi-mphamvu zimapereka mwayi wabwino wokwaniritsa kudziyimira pawokha popanda chida chachikulu komanso kupereka mphamvu zobisika nthawi yayitali komanso nsonga. Pali chitukuko chimathandizira kusintha kwamphamvu kwa magetsi, motero kumachepetsa m'badwo wa mphamvu pakusinthanso kwamphamvu mukadalinso ndi mphamvu zomwe sizingafanane.

Makina osungira batri ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso osavuta kukhazikika pakugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kusintha kwawo kwamphamvu kumawerengedwa ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti pakuwunikira njira zowunikira kuti mupitirire njira yothetsera moyo. Pakadali pano, makampani ndi maphunziro akuthira ntchito yambiri yofufuza ndikumvetsetsa kuwonongeka kwa batri pansi pamikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.